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SG90 servo motor

A small motor that moves its arm to a precise angle, from 0 to 180 degrees: barriers, grippers, robot arms.

The test program

Test this part on its own before you build the rest: if it works alone, the rest is built on something you know works.

10 SERVO 0
20 WAIT 1000
30 SERVO 90
40 WAIT 1000
50 SERVO 180
60 WAIT 1000
70 GOTO 10

What you should see: The arm goes to 0°, then 90°, then 180°, and starts again.

▶ Try it in the IDE

What to buy

  • SG90 micro servo

How to wire it to an ESP32-S3

  1. Signal → ESP32-S3: GPIO8
  2. VCC → ESP32-S3: 5V
  3. GND → ESP32-S3: GNDCommon ground: this link is mandatory.

If it does not work

The board restarts by itself
When it starts, the servo draws more current than the board gets from USB, and the voltage drops. Put a 100 µF capacitor between 5 V and GND close to the servo, or power it separately with a common GND.
The program runs but nothing happens
The servo gets no 5 V, or the signal is on the wrong pin. Brown wire to GND, red to 5 V, orange to the signal pin shown in the diagram.

What you can adjust

  • The angles: where the arm starts and where it ends, from 0 to 180.

Which boards it works on

  • ESP32-S3 Freenove: yes
  • Nordic nRF54LM20 DK: yes
  • Arduino UNO R4 WiFi: yes